GFCI and AFCI Outlets: Where Code Requires Them
The NEC requirements that catch homeowners off-guard during remodels and home sales.
The National Electrical Code expanded GFCI and AFCI requirements significantly between 2017 and 2023. Homes built before those updates aren't grandfathered out when major work is done — and home inspectors routinely flag missing protection at sale.
Where GFCI is required
Current NEC requires GFCI protection for all 125V receptacles in: bathrooms, kitchens (countertops within 6 ft of sinks), laundry rooms, garages, unfinished basements, outdoors, crawlspaces, and within 6 ft of any sink, tub, or shower.
A GFCI outlet ($18–$30) costs about $15 more than a standard outlet and trips when it detects current leaking to ground — the most common shock hazard. Self-installation is a 15-minute job per outlet.
AFCI is broader than people realize
AFCI (arc-fault) protection is now required on virtually all 15A and 20A branch circuits serving habitable rooms — bedrooms, living rooms, dining rooms, hallways, closets, family rooms, and sunrooms. AFCI protects against arcing faults that cause electrical fires.
AFCI is typically provided by combination AFCI/GFCI breakers in the panel ($45–$75 each). If you're updating a panel or adding circuits, AFCI is required on the new work even in older homes.